Analysis of town Devil figure in Tibet [to] author: natural _ Tai Chi research fellow

ԭ�ĵ�ַ��dz��������ħͼ[ת]���ߣ���Ȼdz��������ħͼ(2006-10-13 16:59:31)ת���������˵���صĵ���ΪŮħ����֮�Σ�����ʷ����Ҳ�����������޸ɲ��޽�ʮ����ħ������ѹŮħ��֫�ؽڵļ��ء� ��û�м��Ůħ������ �½��������������ίԱ���������޲��ֿ�����ʱ����������������ħͼ�����ƿ���һ��ħŮ���ݣ�����ϲ����ʤ�� �������ƿ���Сһ�£�������ͬ�������152�� 5���ף���72���ס� Map of the ghost of Mae Nak nude back, legs slightly bent left leg covered the vulva, does not lose the unsightly, artist's composition is ingenious, the mood is elegant. Girl on the right arm, wrist droop; left arm lifting, bending the wrist above his head. There was water, choroid clear, built many temples, including the town Pier, town of limb of the Seventh century AD the construction of 12 towns, such as Temple of magic. Tibet topographic woman Devil legend dates back to the year of the supine form of the Seventh century, when Princess Wencheng to Tibet, Tibetan Buddhism in early times, absorbing foreign Buddhist culture from different perspectives. Tang dynasty Princess Wencheng and Nepal Red Buddha Princess from a country with a statue of Buddha Shakyamuni to Tibet (Note 1) is an important symbol of Tibetan Buddhism culture. Buddha must have housed Buddha statue Temple temples, it is also important part of Buddhist culture. Chek Lap Kok not respecting the construction of the Temple in front of the Palace of the Princess (Note 2), and Jin Li Princess Wencheng to speculate that temple building addresses. "Princess Wencheng pursuant to Zhongyuan 80 five lines count survey methods to push fine observation, knowing the snow-covered terrain of Tibet, and be just like Russia girl on the back", (Note 3) and further investigation and was informed that the Lhasa plain Lake as a female demon lying Tong place of meeting. Three mountains (Note 4) is a female demon thread capacity for clear thinking, has built a Palace on the Boudara Red Mountain, laying the ghost of Mae Nak hearts and bones. Nepal Princess is in accordance with the Princess Wencheng of the projection, carries soil to goats, closing the bedroom pond Lake, on which to build the Jokhang monastery, worship Buddha, repression of female Devils, in order to suppress the ghost of Mae Nak limb joints, protecting peace and happiness in Tibet, and the female demon limb joints, construction of the Temple of the so-called town, magic 12, it is said that this is the nail of the tame girl of 12 are not moved. In four health reservoir mushrooms (Note 5) built four town, Temple, built in over the left shoulder about mushrooms ghost of Mae Nak trundruk monastery, in the current of Shannan Prefecture naidong County Chang Pearl District, today still exist, and building large-scale, many cultural relics in the temple, the Department of national key cultural relics protection units. Wu Ru commentary on ze temple built on a female demon's right shoulder, in the East of Lhasa Maizhokunggar County of RIVO Torto and horse show down the River at the confluence of horses song East Bank. Commentary on ze Deity of the temple Law Centre consisting of two temples. According to the British tibetologists Hugh Richardson commentary on ze Temple was constructed by Guru Rinpoche Padmasambhava v regulating after the one-stop. North close to songtsan Gambo creates prayer Temple, it was in those times appear small, typical buildings, is ancient and original architectural forms. And said: Tong GAD is "one of the town of Temple", followed by (later macro) Roumet reconstruction. In the left foot on the Zhongba Jula female demon Edera, or translated into the Zhong Bajie, Zhang Bajiong and translation, this xigaze Prefecture Lazi County and community Department Peng Cuolin, an ancient genus Jula range, this be Lazi County. Ye Ru chapters right foot on the battle of the female demon Temple, in this homespun Southeast xigaze Prefecture Namling County and parts of the Yarlung zangbo River, North Bank, the former River, patron after rock, very steep beauty. Above is the town of limbs or edge of the town's four temples. According to the survey, "if not yet restrained" female demon, when the "town of four major temple" (note 6). Ghost of Mae Nak luozha empty office building on the left elbow Temple, also extend the translation-Kun temple, now called luozhalakang. At this junction of Shannan Prefecture Lhozhag County boundary Xia Quhe and anger RIVO Torto, South of its almost HSN. Allegedly, luozhalakang is a simple and scattered construction of wooden roof, it was repaired by the Grand, but still keeps its simple features. In the vicinity of the Temple of the Lord is there in the Temple of another famous translation Division Naropa red mausoleum. In front there is a small shrine of magic. In the right elbow on the curved temples, Temple (today linzhi) Nyingchi County area for a long time. The iron Tiger Temple (1930), was badly damaged in the earthquake, and was ordered to fix, so building and Mural art not shake. In the left knee on the jiangzhadongzhe Temple, also translated fraud Lacan, this xigaze Prefecture Zhongba County border. Building on the right knee Crimson real chieh monastery (meaning ' Chi Wang Shan Temple), in this southern xigaze Prefecture Jilong County, near the border. These Temple, history of the town or town four temples. Then, according to projections, and build four wing, Temple of the town. Kang area, female Devil Drolma Kin Lung Tong Temple on the left hand, in this ganzicangzuzizhizhou dainkog County, Sichuan province border. Is said to be engage quell (Tangut) artisan built. Building on the right hand punk Tong ji Temple curl. According to Liu Liqian textual criticism, punk Tong places in Central Bhutan, this song River, West from luozha through luozha mailagajun in Shanxi into Bhutan's Southwest corner of their pond. The Temple in the friends and Tong Ji song River, thus come the name of friends and Tong ji Temple curl. Is said to be engage tokhara built by the craftsman. In the left foot on the xizhuoma Temple, in the Ladakh region territory of Tibet's origin. Jiancang BA temple on the right foot, in northern Tibet grasslands, employ Hall craftsmen built. History of more than four temple town wings, a total of 12 town Maya Temple. These are towns Volt ghost of Mae Nak main temples. In order to change some bad Feng Shui, perfecting the eight auspicious signs, and the female demon who also built many temples, stupa, and so on. In order to treat "water Feng Shui" four disasters, commentary in the Oriental song, gang song, forest song three temples; Taniro, xingkun Temple, the second in the West; Nirvana in the South of franc and Lin Tong Zhuo Temple temple; Gozsy, Palestinian day of the second temple in the North. There are also the Samye monastery, zhayeba, also has the submit function. From the Maya Temple location on the map to see the town of Tibet, female Devil head back East feet west, its heart in the political, economic and cultural centre of Lhasa, Tibet. This composition is reasonable, and arrangements are appropriate. Its geographical range includes not only the health pool four mushrooms. And some beyond the regional boundaries for now. From the West to Ladakh in the South border of Bhutan, Eastern Tibetan areas in Sichuan dainkog North including the qiangtang grassland. Of course, the legend legend after all, it has certain contacts with history, but with the facts and a certainThe distance. Tibetan artist paint according to the legend the town Devil figure in Tibet and Tibet topographic maps varies. Since the painted image of the girl, it is impossible to map exactly. Therefore, temples on the spot map location of the town is only schematic, not very accurate, and some even have a misplaced. The town Devil figure in Tibet that Russia in female Devils lay of the land, only part of the focus on Lhasa are extremely limited, is far from being a contemporary Tibet on the concept of totality. Russia girl, in the view of many that are synonymous with devil. But Buddha said: "Russia is the devil of" (note 7), Luo Shanv is "OGRE ghost girl" (note 8) contained in Russia many women, there are eight Russia women, top ten Russia women 72 Russia women 500 Russia women, female depicted the image of Russia was something ugly horrible, says they are with a green face and ferocious fangs, one ' s bloody mouth, eating human flesh and to drink human blood by goblins. In short non-suppression is not a fallen angel, no town, Volt, there can be no peace in Tibet. However town Devil figure, girl with a long long fingernails, and two of incisor protrusion, but its image is not so terrible. Instead, the abnormal girl painting full pulse with meat, it seems that blood flow, and beauty of the curve, and what not to say "absolutely beautiful women" (note 9) but it does not does not make people very sick. Of course, nobody saw Russia ghost of Mae Nak what look like? the town Devil figure in Tibet in the image of the girl, but with the artist's imagination inspiration, saying painting easier to draw a demon who, no one ever seen pictures of things like, into what is OK, painted, are accepted, who also painted gourd. Russia women, there are two important in Tibetan legend, one is closely related with the origins of the Tibetans rock in Russia, which was combined with the goddess reveal monkey love, multiply out millions of Tibetan men and women, ancestor of the Tibetan master, revered by the people and the road. Another is the raising of the Tibetan people Russia girl, nurturing mother earth of Tibetans grow. Both are ugly spot on the image class. But the soul is closest and worshipped idols. Therefore, artist conceived this piece when the town Devil figure in Tibet are very potters, both forms of expression girl, to meet people's cult status. It seems that these two authors of the early Qing Thangka concept through his meticulous and skilled painting techniques, has reached a high degree of both unity and integration, content and become a piece of painting techniques are perfectly wonderful works of art. Note [Note 1] Princess Wencheng stature of the Buddha at the age of 12, daran mocche (minor Jokhang Temple), worship, and later moved on instructions of the Jokhang monastery. Red Buddha Princess still imagery, such as Wang Ming, progenitor of Lacan's (the Jokhang Monastery), worship, and later moving instructions of minor Jokhang Temple. [Note 2] the Tibetan king Robinson book of the 36th set out, "said Princess red songtsan Gambo discuss construction of the temple, songzanwang: ' built by you as much as possible to the good '! she is in accordance with the songzanwang command immediately in front of the mountain meadow construction of the temple. It is unfortunate, and the repair of the buildings during the day, the evening were ghosts destroyed ". [3] see page Chinese translation of the Tibetan king Robinson entered the 37th. The Han and Tibetan history collection of the 97th page contains: "(Wencheng) having blessed princesses Gua, projections using gossip, projection results was that of eight auspicious Lhasa, this place is not enough, and there are eight or five DISHA. TUBO this place in the snow, shaped like a female demon of the lie. "[Note 4] three mountains, maborishan, Boudara, Hongshan; wave Hill, in budalaxinan snowy Summit gave out, commonly known as medicine King Hill; pamarishan, Northwest of the day, even posts slightly lower, Kuan-built in the mountains in the Qianlong period, commonly known as the magic winding. Three mountains of Lhasa plain rising three peaks. [Note 5] four mushrooms, the part of the Seventh century AD songtsan Gambo unified Tibet, build strong Tibetan dynasties of administrative division in the future. Initially only the health pool four mushrooms, that is guardian about mushrooms, Wu Ru, Tibet Ye Ru, Jula. Subsequently conquered Soviet adjoins with the later addition of Sun Boru and sheep and sheep with mushrooms and other. Norbu cards in Tibet this is a collection of Tibet map topography, geomorphology of the human body, no one thought of this supine woman Devil body on behalf of Tibetans in Tibet in ancient historical concept of physical geography and religious folk culture. Ghost of Mae Nak nude back, legs bent, left leg covered the vulva, on the right arm, wrist natural droop, right arm raised, wrists bent above his head. Head, neck, chest, abdomen, arms, legs, and are painted with mountains, rivers, lakes, and the Royal Palace and temples, context clear and colorful. This unique map, legend, was built in the 7th century AD the Tibetan era the town Pier, town Pier 12 Maya Temple of the town, which is widely spread in Tibet today--the town Devil figure in Tibet. However, talking about this map of the mysterious ghost of Mae Nak, Datang Princess Wencheng cannot but dates back to 1300 years ago. It is said, in 7th century AD Princess Wencheng far married the Tibetan king songtsan Gambo, hard, when you first came to Tibet in the snow, the Princess on the Central Plains Han 80 five lines count survey Act, and calculated that Tibet's landscape is like a supine Russia female magic shapes, Lhasa lying Tong of the region of the Lake is the ghost of Mae Nak, Lake is Russia the female demon surge of blood. Lhasa city two towering peaks, Red Mountain is Russia women and medicine King Mountain magic full firm two breasts, female Devil's capacity for clear thinking and lifeblood of the blood vessels are located. Each has a turtle-shaped peaks around it, like Russia female demon of one ' s bloody mouth; Red Mountain and Mount Medicine King II heave like a lion's tail, and it is said that at this place is where Russia ignorance against creatures made by the ghost of Mae Nak. Due in Boudara Red Mountain and Mount Medicine King songtsan Gambo built two blocks to the Royal Palace, so laying the ghost of Mae Nak heart bone and gaseous pulse. Although this place eight petalled Lotus in Lhasa, surrounded by eight treasures Ching Cheung, eight spoke wheels in the sky rotate, was lucky to win treasure; lucky treasure, also bear the devil DISHA damage cause trouble, which must be built around the Lhasa and the Tibetan Buddhist temple, pagoda, dedicated to Sakyamuni imagery, evil town v deterrence, brings infinite virtues of Tibet in the snow. It is said that the then Tibetan king songtsan Gambo believes that Polyp stand between East and West of DISHA haunted requires town of conch; sands in the upper part of Valley there are women in the East of evil arm of DISHA, requiredTo town to large free days Yang lift tower; south Pearl card racing has turtle feeding shaped of DISHA, needs town to large Peng bird Peck tower; west of birch Hardt has black spot Liao looking shaped of DISHA, needs town to yellow stupa; North mother accounted for to Du Dai Zhijian of hills in the has elephant into array shaped of DISHA, and by hills west of Gan Danhu is has ferocious ghost haunts of channel, is needs respectively town of to lions and Baita; in West of medicine King mountain Shang has female DEN, needs built realy on main imagery; in North of if risk cut of grass meadow Shang has Dragon Wang Wei be afraid of Palace, needs dedicated to Buddha main Sakyamuni imagery. Later Nepal Red Princess master and in accordance with the Princess Wencheng of the Tang dynasty five nosy projections, goat camel, closing the bedroom pond Lake, building known as the Jokhang Temple, dedicated to Sakyamuni Buddha dengshen the age of 12, repression of female demon's heart. But the whole of Tibet in the snow to get the Buddhas and bodhisattvas of the god worshipped by the to ensure safe and lucky, then the female demon in all parts of the body building more Pagoda Temple and the Royal Palace in order to make people happy, stable territory, Dharma flourish. Thus, songtsan Gambo and Princess Wencheng many discussions and after careful calculation, decision on female Devils head, shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, hand, foot, body parts, built the famous spot of the town of 12 Temple in Tibetan history, as well as acupuncture, which is said to be suppressed over 12 female demon does not move nail. First of all, in Tibet, East, West, North and South square built four town monasteries, that drugs such as ghost of Mae Nak trundruk monastery was built on the left arm and the eight star sunlight Dojo, his left arm to town. The temple is located in the South naidong County trundruk monastery in Tibet today. Ghost of Mae Nak NG built a commentary on the right arm and 21 Ze Temple while the Dojo, Volt ghost of Mae Nak right arm to town. The temple is located in the East of Lhasa today Maizhokunggar County show down maqu the East Bank of the river and maqu river confluence. Hands down, commentary on ze Temple after Guru Rinpoche Padmasambhava v control a dragon built monasteries, pray its North side is created by the Tibetan king songtsan Gambo Temple. If left was built at the foot of the ghost of Mae Nak Zhongba Edera, diamond Center was established, to the left foot of the town. The place where the temple is located today xigaze Prefecture Lazi County and border Peng Cuolin, an area, today owned by Lazi County jurisdiction. Building on the right foot of the ghost of Mae Nak camphor Temple, established champion rites, his right foot to town. The temple is located today xigaze Prefecture Namling County in Southeast north shore of the Yarlung zangbo River. It is said that, minor Jokhang Temple and the four town after the big temple construction, female Devil still due to snow-covered the Tibetan land. Princess Wencheng under Baihu, Qinglong, zhuque theory of Feng Shui, Xuanwu square, it is recommended that female demon king songtsan Gambo respectively the joints of the body building town festival on the four temples. That is, in Southwest direction, building on the left elbow of the ghost of Mae Nak luozha Gong Tangsi, established a left elbow will sign a Buddhist Center in town. This temple is located in South Lhozhag County today summer of RIVO Torto, southern border with Bhutan-phase. Legends, luozhalakang is the ancestor commentary give famous Buddhist scholars and Marpa Swami Rama have spiritual Temple. In a south-easterly direction, ghost of Mae Nak right elbow Gong Bubo curved temples are built on, Mahakala established law enforcement Center, town in his right elbow. This temple is located in spreading Nyingchi County today. In the Southwest, female Devil left knee Peng Tang with curved temples are built on established Lotus Buddha Empowerment Center, town in his left knee. This temple is located in xigaze Prefecture Zhongba County today. In the Northwest direction, ghost of Mae Nak jiangchaxiang Qin Temple was built on the right knee, setting up treasure Center, town in his right knee. The temple is located today xigaze Prefecture Jilong County South Nepal territory. . According to projections, the four wing, Temple of the town was built in the territory of Tibet. By Nathan about (xixia) artisans in female spot of left heart Shang built has augmentation Tang Yuma Temple, the temple at today Sichuan ganzicangzuzizhizhou dainkog County territory; by spit fire Luo (Western regions Yu Tian) artisans in female spot of right hand heart built has punk Tong song knot Temple, the temple at today Tibet Shannan luozha territory; by Nipo Luo (Nepal) artisans in female spot of left foot heart Shang built of Hi Rao Zhuoma Temple, the temple at today Tibet Apin area, and ancient tubo dependency la up grams territory; by huoerbaren in female spot of right foot heart built has rude BA augmentation Temple, established land goddess Dojo, the temple at today Tibet of Tibet area. In addition, built a monastery, town of its female demon in the groin. Vividly describes tubo period of historical data of these Tibetan monasteries architectural arts, absorb and exchange of experiences in different regions, different national construction technology and architectural aesthetic concepts, resulting in rich and developed its own architectural theory and architectural practice to enrich the architectural culture of the Tibetan art. Temples in Tibetan history were known as the town of wing above four temple, a total of 12 spot of the town. These temples, but Volt ghost of Mae Nak main temple of the town. It is said that in order to change Tibet's worst Feng Shui, perfect eight auspicious, female Devil body size also built many monasteries and stupa. It is said that in order to treat "land, water, wind and fire" four disasters, in the East building of commentary on song, post three songs, forest Temple; in the West building of Goulant, xingkun of the second temple; Gozsy, Palestinian day of the second temple was built in the North; South built an imperial enamel Temple and Lin Tong Temple. In addition, there are famous monasteries such as zhayeba, is said to have deterrent main products: female demon of a tremendous role. From "town Devil figure in Tibet" monastery, female Devil Russia head feet west of the East lay the body, its heart happens to be a Tibetan political, economic, religious and cultural centre of Lhasa. Overall it has a mysterious map, clever composition, arrangement is reasonable, its geographic scope includes not only the tubo period for bathroom hidden four (that is, the four administrative regions), and some outside the territory of now in the West to Ladakh in Ngari, Tibet border is now in the South in the country of Bhutan, Eastern Sichuan and Qinghai Tibetan areas, North to the Chang Tang today Tibet, Tibet and the bordering territory of dege in Sichuan. Now that we have no way to research the exact time of formation of this map, tubo era but certainly has spread in various parts of Tibet. In this precious Thangka paintings, rational thinking and traditional Tibetan mysticism, and the Central Plains Han Chinese ethnic origins of ancient myths and legends Pakua Feng Shui Yu yin and Yang theory, historical religious worship of divinity and the romantic imagination be a combination of organic unity. Of life, women, the Earth, God, history, completely poetic romance to get full performance. (Chinese Buddhist cultural center/the Buddhist culture sanggenima) articles referenced from: http://blog.Sina.com.CN/u/475178b4010005x6